ABSTRACTMost colleges1 do not advertise all accommodations that are available to students nor do all institutions offer the same accommodations. This can be seen in instances where some universities allow students to listen to music during testing. Music has been shown to benefit students with various disabilities and help with focus and stress reduction, but this accommodation is not readily accessible to students. Music and accommodations, in general, are still viewed as predominantly “privileges” or “advantages” rather than rights promoting equity, diversity, inclusion for all students, and improved testing environments. Obtaining accommodations is based on the dominant medical model which emphasizes impairments rather than accessibility during the registration process. This research examines disability office websites for 50 land grant colleges across the United States to determine if listening to music is listed as a testing accommodation and the accessibility of that information. Of the 50 colleges, five universities had “listening to music during exams or tests” on their websites, and three of the five had the information in the faculty or student handbook, not easily accessible. Only two universities, Virginia Tech, and Washington State University, had information about music listening on their disability website. Future research should address the problem of “accommodations” versus “accessibility” as a right including the inconsistency of finding accommodation information such as listening to music during testing. 1 The terms college(s) and university(ies) will be used interchangeably throughout

DAWN Testing is a Covid-19 and STD delivery site where we send out at-home tests straight to customers on Arizona State University Tempe campus. This site is a part of the Founders Lab thesis designed to give students an opportunity to be part of a team based project focused on the design and application of a business model. The goal of DAWN Testing is to increase testing in a safe and easily accessible manner.

DAWN Testing is a Covid-19 and STD delivery site where we send out at-home tests straight to customers on Arizona State University Tempe campus. This site is a part of a Founders Lab thesis designed to give students an opportunity to be part of a team based project focused on the design and application of a business model. The goal of DAWN Testing is to increase testing in a safe and easily accessible manner.

DAWN Testing is a Covid-19 and STD delivery site where we send out at-home tests straight to customers on Arizona State University Tempe campus. This site is a part of a Founders Lab thesis designed to give students an opportunity to be part of a team based project focused on the design and application of a business model. The goal of DAWN Testing is to increase testing in a safe and easily accessible manner.

Physical therapy patients still receive their plan of care onto a piece of paper when there are hundreds of engaging physical therapy exercise videos on the internet. These exercise videos are way more appealing to watch and physical therapists should consider delivering Home Exercise Programs (HEP) digitally. There are apps and online services such as Physioadvisor, Physprac app, Anterior Cruciate Ligament repair app, and work-out apps for people to create their own plan of care and are easily accessible with any electronic device. Most people are receiving information and learning through a lit screen anyways so it may only be a matter of time before people start using these resources instead of a physical therapist. Physical Therapists need to provide better resources for their patients and an app may be all they need. Figures of the results of the Qualtrics survey both Physical Therapists and Patient responses and were provided. A data analysis of each question and responses were interpreted to determine whether patients and physical therapists would like to use a physical therapy app as part of their rehab program. A Physiotherapy research journal with Switzerland researchers conducted a case study in a hospital and determined whether a HEP app testing was effective for patients to utilize.

Automated driving systems are in an intensive research and development stage, and the companies developing these systems are targeting to deploy them on public roads in a very near future. Guaranteeing safe operation of these systems is crucial as they are planned to carry passengers and share the road with other vehicles and pedestrians. Yet, there is no agreed-upon approach on how and in what detail those systems should be tested. Different organizations have different testing approaches, and one common approach is to combine simulation-based testing with real-world driving.

One of the expectations from fully-automated vehicles is never to cause an accident. However, an automated vehicle may not be able to avoid all collisions, e.g., the collisions caused by other road occupants. Hence, it is important for the system designers to understand the boundary case scenarios where an autonomous vehicle can no longer avoid a collision. Besides safety, there are other expectations from automated vehicles such as comfortable driving and minimal fuel consumption. All safety and functional expectations from an automated driving system should be captured with a set of system requirements. It is challenging to create requirements that are unambiguous and usable for the design, testing, and evaluation of automated driving systems. Another challenge is to define useful metrics for assessing the testing quality because in general, it is impossible to test every possible scenario.

The goal of this dissertation is to formalize the theory for testing automated vehicles. Various methods for automatic test generation for automated-driving systems in simulation environments are presented and compared. The contributions presented in this dissertation include (i) new metrics that can be used to discover the boundary cases between safe and unsafe driving conditions, (ii) a new approach that combines combinatorial testing and optimization-guided test generation methods, (iii) approaches that utilize global optimization methods and random exploration to generate critical vehicle and pedestrian trajectories for testing purposes, (iv) a publicly-available simulation-based automated vehicle testing framework that enables application of the existing testing approaches in the literature, including the new approaches presented in this dissertation.

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are being used in many safety-critical applications. Due to the important role in virtually every aspect of human life, it is crucial to make sure that a CPS works properly before its deployment. However, formal verification of CPS is a computationally hard problem. Therefore, lightweight verification methods such as testing and monitoring of the CPS are considered in the industry. The formal representation of the CPS requirements is a challenging task. In addition, checking the system outputs with respect to requirements is a computationally complex problem. In this dissertation, these problems for the verification of CPS are addressed. The first method provides a formal requirement analysis framework which can find logical issues in the requirements and help engineers to correct the requirements. Also, a method is provided to detect tests which vacuously satisfy the requirement because of the requirement structure. This method is used to improve the test generation framework for CPS. Finally, two runtime verification algorithms are developed for off-line/on-line monitoring with respect to real-time requirements. These monitoring algorithms are computationally efficient, and they can be used in practical applications for monitoring CPS with low runtime overhead.