Eurocentrism in early 20th-century music history in Latin America demonstrates political and racial preferences that placed foreign art music over local music making practices. After the Mexican Revolution (roughly 1910–20), Mexican political and cultural leaders pushed for a “universal” aesthetic in their nation’s art music, implicitly devaluing musical references to Indigenous cultures. This contradicts the era’s indigenist cultural revolution popularized as an “Aztec Renaissance” that celebrated Mexico’s renewed notion of mestizaje (European-Indigenous racial mixture) in music and art. The Mexican elite turned to foreign intellectuals such as Adolfo Salazar (1890–1958), the Spanish-born composer and music critic who came to Mexico as an exile in 1939, to link Mexico’s postcolonial culture with the intellectual inheritance of Europe.This thesis offers discursive analysis of Salazar’s writings in the context of his Mexican years, revealing subtexts of Spanish racial and cultural superiority that indirectly served the elitist agendas of Mexican diplomats and musical tastemakers such as Carlos Chávez (1899–1978). Salazar’s hegemonic legacy in Spanish-language musicology has often been left unquestioned and therefore I assess his influence alongside the development of a music-historical paradigm that defined 20th-century Mexican art music as an international phenomenon. I argue that Salazar’s Spanish-oriented music history established dominance over musicmaking practices in Mexico through demeaning allusions to mestizaje and social hierarchies within musical nationalism. By considering Salazar’s role in Mexican musical nationalism, my thesis reveals how Eurocentric music history writing coincided with colonialist Mexican politics, legitimizing foreign intellectualism over local cultural processes.

The Serenade (after Plato’s “Symposium”) was composed by American composer, Leonard Bernstein (1918-1990) in 1954. The instrumentation of this piece is for solo violin, string orchestra, harp, and percussion, and the only existing piano reduction was arranged by the composer himself. Musical expression markings are exceptionally crucial in Bernstein’s music because these markings can indicate the complexity of the rhythmic patterns, grouping of notes, and musical textures more directly to the performers. This piano reduction has many unplayable and awkward passages due to the technical challenges and oversized chords. Additionally, it is missing some of the musical expression markings such as breath marks and slurs from the full score. It also does not have any instrumentation markings which leads to the fact, the piano, at times, may have difficulties imitating the orchestra.My aim for the newer piano reduction is to make it sound more acoustically similar to an orchestra by adding missing musical components and also modifying the technically challenging passages to be more comfortable to play. My paper demonstrates the process in creating the new piano reduction while explaining the modifications and selections of the voices. Many approaches I used in this project are also applicable to other orchestra reductions. This Serenade is a wonderful piece for both violinists and pianists, I hope my revised piano reduction could benefit more performers in the future. A complete piano reduction will be in the appendix.

For about a decade, I have thought of composing as a form of sonic gardening. The processes are very similar in that I cultivate ecosystems of interrelated parts, whether in sound or in the soil. My interests in creating sonic ecosystems and in learning more about environmental issues motivated me to research soil health and the rhizosphere, the microbiome around a plant's root system. For my dissertation project I have composed a piece titled The Rhizosphere inspired by the processes and behaviors found in the rhizosphere for percussion sextet of about 8 minutes in duration. This piece was commissioned by the Arizona Contemporary Music Ensemble, with a performance date of April 21, 2022. In this document, I discuss issues relating to soil and sustainability, provide a survey of relevant sound art, and describe processes and features of the rhizosphere. I share how I mapped different aspects of the rhizosphere to various sonic parameters and processes in my composition. I then consider The Rhizosphere as it relates to other pieces in my portfolio, specifically works inspired by nature or environmental issues. During my doctoral studies I have been inspired by and sought to depict plants (Dandelion) and desert (Desertification and Desert Rain God), among others.

This paper is an in-depth analysis of the symphonic piece titled Subconsciousness for symphony orchestra that was composed during the summer of 2021. This document will explain the conceptual ideas and compositional processes involved in its creation. This document was written as a resource for musicians, music theorist, composers, and public interested in the creative process used to compose the piece. Much of this work was inspired by the writings of Carl Gustav Jung that explore dreams and how the unconscious mind plays an important role in developing these dreams. In addition, this paper shows how Jung’s ideas are manifested in the music, providing arguments that demonstrate how both psychology and music are correlated in the development of the piece.

During my career as an oboist I have only had the opportunity to play four piecesfor oboe by Peruvian composers. It was not until I started my doctoral degree that I found out how difficult it is for people, not only to find copies of these pieces, but also to find the pieces themselves. Due to this obstacle, it is time for a bibliography of Peruvian oboe music to exist. This document annotates a list of oboe (and English horn) music by Peruvian composers detailing 130 works, for solo oboe, as well as chamber works up to 8 players, by thirty composers. Each entry includes a brief biography of the composer, original title of the piece, composition date, instrumentation, publishers, commissions, dedications, and duration of the piece in minutes and seconds. Some entries also include miscellaneous notes on the piece. Incipits of each movement are included as well as the movement title and tempo markings. Works by composers born and educated in Peru who emigrated to other countries, or changed nationalities is included. This bibliography includes all the music found up to October, 2021.

When rock music began to appear on Broadway in the 1960s with Bye Bye Birdie and Hair, it opened up the door for new styles to be notated into musical theater scores. Since then, a wide variety of rock and pop genres have been incorporated into Broadway shows. Musical theater scores are representations of the show structure, and how rhythm and syncopation are notated in musical theater score affects how they are interpreted and performed.The past twenty years have seen a growth in popularity of both revivals and jukebox musicals. A revival is a show that appears on Broadway again after the original production; jukebox musicals take an already produced pop rock album or artist and create a loosely structured narrative around it. By analyzing rhythmic notation and syncopations in revivals and jukebox musicals, this paper demonstrates how popular culture and rhythmic notation interact with each other to create complexity in musical scores and performances. Centering around the musical Godspell as a core example, this paper examines rhythmic notation in pop rock musical theater, investigating how revivals and jukebox musicals can contribute to increased rhythmic complexity in scores. This paper articulates the possibilities of a rhythmic notation system that would simplify the complex and frequent syncopations in pop rock musical scores. Eastman professor David Temperley’s work in rock syncopation and deep structure representation is discussed as it relates to musical theater scores. Expanding on Temperley’s theoretical foundation, the appendices demonstrate a proposed original arrow notation with an original song composed for these research purposes.

CONCERTO GROSSO is a 15-minute three-movement piece composed for an 11-instrument ensembleand electronics which is performed by an additional performer. The aim of this piece is to expresses my interpretation of classical Egyptian and contemporary Western musical idioms through the methods of both live orchestration and electronic processing. The relationship between the acoustic instruments and the electronics is meant to sound as if the electronicpart is a live processing of each acoustic instrument in real time, but in reality the processing does not occur live, and has been prepared prior to the performance by a recording of each individual instrumental part which has been made in advance. These recordings are processed and prepared into cues which are then triggered by an individual performer on a synthesizer. CONCERTO GROSSO explores the generation of new timbers, textures and tuning systems out of theacoustic material performed by the instruments through the use of electronic processing. Through the alteration of timbres, the instruments can be altered to sound similar to native Egyptian and other-wordly instruments. The alteration of textures results from the duplication of one instrument into a choir of that instrument, which can either be aligned vertically or offset by small durations to create a brief nebula of sound. Finally, non-western tuning systems such as the Arabic "Maqamat" are generated through the processing of pitch in order to create intervals such as neutral seconds, which are not in the common practice technique of the instruments of the ensemble.

Noting a lack of solo repertoire for two popular keyboard percussion instruments, the glockenspiel and xylophone, I set out to bring the two instruments up to a level where both could be recognized as vehicles for solo performance. I decided to collaborate with three composers who are not percussionists: Nick Bentz (fitful machinery for solo glockenspiel and fixed media), Ashlee Busch (Elements for solo xylophone and crotales), and Hunter Long (We’ve always had time on our side for solo xylophone and percussion ensemble). By collaborating with these three young composers, I hope to elevate the stature of these underutilized percussion instruments. This document provides information about each composer, the commissioning process, and examinations of each work. In addition, I will discuss some of the challenges of working with non-percussionist composers, issues on performance practice, and my solutions to those challenges.

Temporal Creative Entanglement and the Composer’s Search for a Unique Voice is about some of the creative challenges inherent in the composing process. Creative entanglement is when a composer gets caught up—entangled—in the creative process and it tarnishes their sense of how to appropriately assemble the formal structure of a piece. The word temporal means that I’m focusing on how a lot of creative entanglement happens because of process / product disparities related to time. Process / product disparity is the term I use to describe the enormous differences between the experience of composing and the experience of hearing the premiere of a work. And, I bring up the composer’s search for a unique voice because composers are especially vulnerable to creative entanglement when they are trying to write in a new style. I try to identify some different ways a composer can become entangled by discussing some specific ways that people subconsciously process music (musical expectations and information flow). I draw on the works of David Huron, Fred Lerdahl, and John Sloboda, among others, to paint a picture of the different mental processes that occur during composing and listening. I discuss how schematic, veridical, and dynamic expectations work in the mind of composer and the listener, and how these relate to creative entanglement. I also discuss how the conception of large-scale form fits into this topic. In the conclusion, I offer some thoughts on approaching composing from the perspective of creative entanglement. To close, I offer a perspective about artistic satisfaction and composing.

ABSTRACT This project is comprised of two main components, a paper, and audiovisual composition (two-channel audio, single-channel video). The composition takes the beginning thematic elements from the book of Genesis and transitions to a robotic teleology (the transhuman being merged with technology). For the transhumanist, taking control of the evolutionary process both in speed and in trajectory is the ultimate goal.The composition, Queue R is narrative and tripartite in structure, having a beginning, middle, and end. However, a more in-depth analysis of the piece will yield smaller parts and extractions. Although the composition is programmatic, many of the visual and aural gestures lean towards an abstract aesthetic. The paper will discuss various tenets of Christianity and Transhumanism, including religious motifs, philosophical aspects, oppositional and congruent features between the two. Ray Kurzweil’s “The Six Epochs of Evolution,” is used as a reference and launching point for Transhuman teleology and is discussed later in the paper. Lastly, the paper will discuss how the artwork engages with Transhumanism and Christianity, and end with a discussion of some aspects the compositional process. Finally, the title of the piece, Queue R, refers to a line, a queue which leads to a Robotic existence, that is, an existence where the human being and technology merge. Also, Queue R refers to the present state of technology, a QR code being a scannable (machine readable) code which contains information about a product or item being scanned. The video may be found at the link to the channel of the composer, and will list all audiovisual compositions. Click (or copy/paste into browser) on the video titled Queue R: Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCzOhPCwYGjJud92RLG_UQpQ or direct link: https://youtu.be/7ogR0Vb1-pA .