Sacred space creates a sacrality of the architecture it resides in. The research paper dissects and answers the thesis question, “what makes a space sacred,” through a research-driven design approach that delivers the thesis prompt, architecture must comprise of intentional design elements that create a physical, perceptual, and spiritual experience to validate its sacrality. The paper introduces research behind sacred architecture and its design elements, and questions how these design elements contribute to the validity of sacred architecture. The research infers that there must be an intentionality behind these design elements. The research leads to the analysis of three case studies that demonstrate the use of sacred architecture’s design elements and validates their purpose and intention. Peter Zumthor, Swiss architect, and two of his projects, the Bruder Klaus Chapel and the Kolumba Museum, demonstrate the use of intentional design elements through Peter Zumthor’s methodology and intention behind his designs. As well, the personal case study, the Holy Family Shrine, showcases sacred architecture’s design elements through the intentional use of symbolism. The analysis leads to the discussion of two design projects, Tabernacle of Humility and Campo, Sacrality Made Real, exhibit and support the analysis of Peter Zumthor’s methodology and works, along with the intentionality of design elements in sacred architecture. In conclusion, it is understood that with symbolic intentionality behind design elements, the sacrality of architecture is revealed, thus creating a physical, perceptual, and spiritual experience.

This thesis seeks to answer, how could architects design for mystery and suspense and how would the perception of those spaces change for the spectators? By looking into production designers, art directors, and screenwriters, specifically the film Rear Window (1954) by Alfred Hitchcock one can analyze their use of architecture as part of the way that they build mystery and suspense by making movies that can help test if architecture spaces that are originally designed for a different purpose can build mystery and suspense. This research re-creates one scene from the film in four different locations: three on Arizona State University Tempe campus and one in an apartment complex. These short movies tested in different architectural spaces as such as, entering and exiting of buildings, access under a building that restricts individuals from seeing who is coming in or out, enclosed architecture, and by having hallways that lead up to each other and not permitting the occupant/participant to see everything around them. After filming the movies were compared to each other and a set of drawings was made to understand important choices made in each movie. What this thesis comes to investigate are the movies which are tools architects can use in their design process. Instead of starting a project from a sketch, why not start it from a movie. As this thesis reveals the act of choosing a film, dissecting it, and re-creating the experience of the film in their own movies in different locations can create a unique project.