Social Determinants Surrounding Endometriosis Diagnosis Delays in the United States

Description

Endometriosis has created a public health crisis in the United States due to its high prevalence, and its severe health ramifications. Not only does endometriosis have a wide-ranging prevalence in the population, as it is predicted that 1 in 10

Endometriosis has created a public health crisis in the United States due to its high prevalence, and its severe health ramifications. Not only does endometriosis have a wide-ranging prevalence in the population, as it is predicted that 1 in 10 females of reproductive age suffer from this disease, but endometriosis significantly decreases this population's quality of life, productivity, and emotional well-being due to chronic pain and infertility issues. There have been several identified reasons behind the endometriosis diagnosis delay, including patient and provider-centered causes, which lead to the dismissal, stigmatization, and tolerance of symptoms. However, there is limited research about the social determinants influencing the United State's diagnosis delay. This study aimed to investigate the social determinants surrounding the endometriosis diagnosis delay by interviewing Endometriosis patients about their own diagnoses. Participants were also asked about their satisfaction about their endometriosis diagnosis. A thematic analysis was conducted using patient testimonials to reveal trends surrounding the endometriosis diagnosis delay. On average, 40 participants reported experiencing a diagnostic delay of 11.75 ± 7.94 years. Participants report significant dissatisfaction with the timeliness of the endometriosis diagnosis, the providers' ability to be communicative and receptive, and the providers' ability to diagnose endometriosis. Many social determinants were also associated with diagnosis delays - including gender, ethnic, racial, economic, geographical location, age, and sexual orientation factors. Not only do participant testimonials reveal the need for culturally competent care, validation, and patient-centered care during the endometriosis diagnosis process, but these testimonials also emphasize the need for diagnostic surgery and specialized care as endometriosis is a complex disease that can have systemic implications on a patient. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (AGOG) endometriosis care guidelines should be adjusted to reflect the needs of endometriosis patients.

Date Created
2023-05
Agent

Juvenile Obesity Causes and Its Ties to Adult Obesity Rates in the United States

165117-Thumbnail Image.png
Description

In the United States, the adult obesity prevalence was 42.2% from 2017-2018 and has been steadily increasing every year.¹ The estimated medical costs for people who were obese was $1,429 higher than medical costs for people with healthier weight. These

In the United States, the adult obesity prevalence was 42.2% from 2017-2018 and has been steadily increasing every year.¹ The estimated medical costs for people who were obese was $1,429 higher than medical costs for people with healthier weight. These statistics only give a brief insight of the so called, “obesity epidemic” plaguing the United States. Every year obesity rates continue to increase, and medical conditions related to obesity continue to affect Americans as well. Risk of developing conditions such as heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, or cancers are heightened when individuals are obese. This project will explore this epidemic by tracing back to its juvenile roots. As childhood obesity is a serious problem that puts children and adolescents at risk for future health problems, and leads to obesity in their adult years as well. The analysis of socioeconomic, food industry, and school influences in relation to childhood obesity will be conducted, and insight of past and current interventions will be illustrated as well.

Date Created
2022-05
Agent

Zooming with COVID: An Investigation on the Effects of Remote Learning on Arizona State University Students

164713-Thumbnail Image.png
Description
This was a mixed methods project investigating the effects of remote learning and COVID-19 on ASU students. This study was performed during the transition from remote learning back to in-person learning. It is a holistic view of the university experience

This was a mixed methods project investigating the effects of remote learning and COVID-19 on ASU students. This study was performed during the transition from remote learning back to in-person learning. It is a holistic view of the university experience and analyzes student's ideas and opinions on how that university experience shifted during remote learning and their return to campus. The study utilizes both statistical analysis of quantitative data and a thematic analysis of student responses. This project also included a video interview, where students and one faculty member were filmed in order to give better insight into how individuals were affected. Video Link: https://youtu.be/E0bY4-WC8X0
Date Created
2022-05
Agent

Zooming with COVID: An Investigation on the Effects of Remote Learning on Arizona State University Students

164664-Thumbnail Image.png
Description
This was a mixed methods project investigating the effects of remote learning and COVID-19 on ASU students. This study was performed during the transition from remote learning back to in-person learning. It is a holistic view of the university experience

This was a mixed methods project investigating the effects of remote learning and COVID-19 on ASU students. This study was performed during the transition from remote learning back to in-person learning. It is a holistic view of the university experience and analyzes student's ideas and opinions on how that university experience shifted during remote learning and their return to campus. The study utilizes both statistical analysis of quantitative data and a thematic analysis of student responses. This project also included a video interview, where students and one faculty member were filmed in order to give better insight into how individuals were affected. Video Link: https://youtu.be/E0bY4-WC8X0
Date Created
2022-05
Agent

Zooming with COVID: An Investigation on the Effects of Remote Learning on Arizona State University Students

164663-Thumbnail Image.png
Description
This was a mixed methods project investigating the effects of remote learning and COVID-19 on ASU students. This study was performed during the transition from remote learning back to in-person learning. It is a holistic view of the university experience

This was a mixed methods project investigating the effects of remote learning and COVID-19 on ASU students. This study was performed during the transition from remote learning back to in-person learning. It is a holistic view of the university experience and analyzes student's ideas and opinions on how that university experience shifted during remote learning and their return to campus. The study utilizes both statistical analysis of quantitative data and a thematic analysis of student responses. This project also included a video interview, where students and one faculty member were filmed in order to give better insight into how individuals were affected. Video Link: https://youtu.be/E0bY4-WC8X0
Date Created
2022-05
Agent

Zooming with COVID: An Investigation on the Effects of Remote Learning on Arizona State University Students

164627-Thumbnail Image.png
Description
This was a mixed methods project investigating the effects of remote learning and COVID-19 on ASU students. This study was performed during the transition from remote learning back to in-person learning. It is a holistic view of the university experience

This was a mixed methods project investigating the effects of remote learning and COVID-19 on ASU students. This study was performed during the transition from remote learning back to in-person learning. It is a holistic view of the university experience and analyzes student's ideas and opinions on how that university experience shifted during remote learning and their return to campus. The study utilizes both statistical analysis of quantitative data and a thematic analysis of student responses. This project also included a video interview, where students and one faculty member were filmed in order to give better insight into how individuals were affected. Video Link: https://youtu.be/E0bY4-WC8X0
Date Created
2022-05
Agent

Cellular Evaluation of Postnatal Frontal Cortex in Down Syndrome

Description

Down syndrome (DS) is a common genetic developmental disorder characterized by the trisomy of chromosome 21 (Hsa21). All individuals with DS have some kind of intellectual disability, associated with dysfunction in cognition-related structures, including the frontal cortex. Studies have examined

Down syndrome (DS) is a common genetic developmental disorder characterized by the trisomy of chromosome 21 (Hsa21). All individuals with DS have some kind of intellectual disability, associated with dysfunction in cognition-related structures, including the frontal cortex. Studies have examined developmental changes in the frontal cortex during prenatal stages in DS, however little is known about cortical lamination and neuronal differentiation in postnatal periods in this neurodevelopmental disorder. Therefore, we examined the quantitative and qualitative distribution of neuronal profiles containing the neuronal migration protein doublecortin (DCX), the non-phosphorylated high-molecular-weight neurofilament SMI-32, the calcium-binding proteins calbindin D-28K (Calb), calretinin (Calr), and parvalbumin (Parv), as well as human β-amyloid and APP (6E10), Aβ1-42, and phospho-tau (CP-13) in the supragranular (SG, II/III) and infragranular (IG, V/VI) layers in the DS postnatal frontal cortex compared to neurotypically developing (NTD) controls from ages 28 weeks to 196.4 weeks using immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, cortical lamination was evaluated using thionin, a Nissl stain. We found DCX-immunoreactive (-ir) cells in both the SG and IG layers in younger cases, but not in the oldest cases in both groups. Strong expression of SMI-32 immunoreactivity was observed in pyramidal cells in layers III and V in the oldest cases in both groups, however SMI-32-ir cells appeared much earlier in NTD compared to DS. We found small and fusiform Calb-ir cells in the younger cases (28 to 44 weeks), while in the oldest cases, Calb immunoreactivity was also found in pyramidal cells. Calr-ir cells appeared earlier in DS at 32 weeks compared to NTD at 44 weeks, however both groups showed large bipolar fusiform-shaped Calr-ir cells in the oldest cases. Diffuse APP/Aβ-ir plaque-like accumulations were found in the frontal cortex grey and white matter at all ages, but no Aβ1-42 immunoreactivity was detected in any case. Furthermore, neuropil (but not cellular) granular CP-13 immunostaining was seen in layer I only at 41 weeks NTD and 33 weeks DS. Cell counts show a significantly higher cell number in SG compared to IG for all the neuronal markers in both groups, except in Calb and SMI-32. In NTD, age and brain weight showed the strongest correlations with all cellular counts, except in thionin where DS had a stronger negative correlation with age and brain weight compared to NTD. In addition, height and body weight showed a strong negative correlation in NTD with the migration and neurogenesis marker DCX. These findings suggest that trisomy 21 affects the postnatal frontal cortex lamination, neuronal migration<br/>eurogenesis, and differentiation of projection pyramidal cells and interneurons, which contribute to the disruption of the local and projection inhibitory and excitatory circuitries that may underlie the cognitive disabilities in DS.

Date Created
2021-05
Agent

The 8 Yoga Sutras and How They Impact the Daily Stress of College Students

Description

Yoga has become one of the most popular contemporary health approaches practiced by young adults in the United States. It is an ancient mind and body practice with origins in Indian philosophy dating to over 5,000 years ago. Yoga combines

Yoga has become one of the most popular contemporary health approaches practiced by young adults in the United States. It is an ancient mind and body practice with origins in Indian philosophy dating to over 5,000 years ago. Yoga combines physical postures, rhythmic breathing, and meditative exercises to offer the participants a unique, holistic mind-body experience. In this report, the Sutras first introduced by Patanjali, an ancient Indian sage, are broken down into modern definitions. Each sutra has its own unique mental and physical benefits that can be attained by college students. Yama encourages maintaining a personal moral code. Niyama allows for personal connection and self-awareness. Asana refers to the poses that are still commonly practiced today. Pranayama helps to practice deep breathing. Pratyahara offers a disconnect from the world around us. Dharana allows us to focus and hone in on one thought. Dyana promotes a continuous flow of focus in meditation. Samadhi is reaching a state of pure relaxation. All of these take time and practice, but when implemented in different aspects of daily life, college students can reduce their overall stress and anxiety to improve focus and success.

Date Created
2020-12
Agent

Summary of Lung Cancer

Description
This work examines lung cancer to provide a tool for patients, health care workers, and the community in the form of an informational pamphlet. The research was done through the analysis of peer-reviewed scientific publications, books, and other credible sources.

This work examines lung cancer to provide a tool for patients, health care workers, and the community in the form of an informational pamphlet. The research was done through the analysis of peer-reviewed scientific publications, books, and other credible sources. This thesis establishes a timeline of disease from the broad definition, through molecular development and further progression through the stages of the disease. To simulate the natural flow of the disease from a patient’s perspective, the symptoms section appears next, followed by diagnosis, which then makes patients question statistics, treatment, and finances. The next section focuses on prevention as a solution to decrease incidence. Finally, the commentary and conclusion section offer alternative ideas. Lung cancer is found to be the most prolific killer among cancers due to high occurrence rate and low survival rates. Some of the reasons for low survival are asymptomatic nature of the disease, lack of early detection tools, and fast progression rate. While patients’ out of pocket cost is found to be around $57,000, lung cancer research receives inadequate funding. Smoking and radon exposure is the leading causes of lung cancer development. Prevention of these and other risk factors is the key to lowering cancer occurrence and death. These issues require solutions such as early detection tools, semi-frequent testing, community awareness, and education, as well as adequate research funding.
Date Created
2020-05
Agent

Perceptions And Physiological Implications Of Vaping As Compared To Other Carcinogens

132605-Thumbnail Image.png
Description
Since e-cigarettes were put on the market in 2007, the use of them has increased rapidly especially among young adults and adolescents. The purpose of this thesis was to identify young individuals’ harm perceptions of using e-cigarettes as compared to

Since e-cigarettes were put on the market in 2007, the use of them has increased rapidly especially among young adults and adolescents. The purpose of this thesis was to identify young individuals’ harm perceptions of using e-cigarettes as compared to the harm perceptions of using carcinogens, and to compare the physiological effects of using e-cigarettes with those same carcinogens. Research was conducted by searching the Arizona State University Library website for articles that pertained to perceptions and physiological effects of e-cigarettes, conventional cigarettes, marijuana, and methamphetamine. Overall, young individuals have extremely low harm perceptions of using e-cigarettes, as compared to the other carcinogens. They perceived cigarettes to be the most dangerous and had the most knowledge on the subject, followed by methamphetamine, marijuana, and e-cigarettes with very little knowledge on the latter subjects. Many of the physiological effects of using e-cigarettes found in the research were shared with conventional cigarettes, marijuana, and methamphetamine. Specifically, using e-cigarettes results in negative physiological effects such as increased airway resistance, increased airway and lung tissue inflammation, increased bronchitic symptoms, increased mucin production, distal airspace enlargement, and increased cytokine and protease expression which are linked to COPD in chronic cigarette smokers. Other effects associated with decreased lung and respiratory function were shared with the chronic use of conventional cigarettes, marijuana, or methamphetamine. These findings can be used to inform young individuals of the harms that e-cigarettes may cause. More research needs to be conducted on the topic to identify the full range of physiological effects that using e-cigarettes may have on the body.
Date Created
2019-05
Agent