Population dynamics of Coenobita clypeatus in Hermitage Bay, Tobago

Description
Terrestrial hermit crabs serve an incredibly important ecological role in seed dispersal and as decomposers along coastal shorelines. They have also become quite popular in the commercial pet trade, with one species, Coenobita clypeatus, being particularly favored. Typically, these hermit

Terrestrial hermit crabs serve an incredibly important ecological role in seed dispersal and as decomposers along coastal shorelines. They have also become quite popular in the commercial pet trade, with one species, Coenobita clypeatus, being particularly favored. Typically, these hermit crabs are easily captured and removed from the wild with little protection in their native ranges. In Hermitage Bay, Tobago, there is little information about the population numbers, composition, shell preference, and substrate preference of C. clypeatus in their native habitat. In this study, we estimated population size, gastropod shell preferences, and substrate preference conditions when clustering. We conducted mark re-capture surveys in March, July, and December 2023 and collected morphological data from captured hermit crabs. Our results indicate that the estimated population was highest in July, with the variation being significant when using the Schnabel mark re-capture estimation formula. The most common overall shell type, Columbella mercatoria (West Indian Dove Shell), was prevalent among the smaller sized, younger hermit crabs; while the larger hermit crabs preferred Cittarium pica (West Indian Top Shell). The most preferred substrate for these terrestrial hermit crabs were areas with a mixture of sand and dirt, with high amounts of vegetation and leaf waste and low amounts of human litter. These results suggest a predominantly young population and that beach cleanups should focus on removing human litter entirely, while leaving leaf waste and other fallen logs and branches and not using the collected decomposing plant matter for bonfires. This can help maintain a healthy hermit crab population that continues to benefit the coastlines in Tobago as well as other ecosystems.
Date Created
2024-05
Agent

The Impact of Eukaryotic Microalgal Growth on the Lettuce Rhizosphere

Description
Intensive agricultural practices around the world have led to both a depletion of soil organic carbon (SOC) in cropped soils and runoff of nitrogen fertilizer into the environment, which can lead to limited crop growth and environmental degradation. Because of

Intensive agricultural practices around the world have led to both a depletion of soil organic carbon (SOC) in cropped soils and runoff of nitrogen fertilizer into the environment, which can lead to limited crop growth and environmental degradation. Because of the increasing demand for food and the decreasing vitality of soils, there is a great need for less intensive alternatives to traditional synthetic fertilizers and agricultural practices. In recent years, microalgae have been increasingly seen as a potential alternative to traditional fertilizers, with prokaryotic cyanobacteria being able to fix nitrogen for plant growth. While there is potential for eukaryotic microalgae to offer similar benefits to agricultural plants, their overall impacts are not widely known. To study the impacts that eukaryotic microalgae have on the plant rhizosphere, sixteen heads of Arianna lettuce were grown, with eight treated with Chlorella sp. algae amended to the irrigation water. The rhizosphere of the plant was sampled and the microbial community was analyzed using quantitative PCR (qPCR) in order to determine changes in rhizosphere bacterial composition, nitrogen-fixing population abundances, and Chlorella sp. abundances. It was found that the treated plants had a greater mass and a significantly greater presence of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. On the contrary, plant rhizospheres that were untreated were found to have a significantly greater overall abundance of the bacterial community. Lastly, the rhizosphere of amended plants harbored significantly more Chlorella than the untreated plants, indicating that the Chlorella was retained and possibly recruited to the plant rhizosphere throughout the treatment.
Date Created
2024-05
Agent

Designing Activities in School Gardens to Promote Mental Wellness
in Elementary Education Systems

Description

The goal of this project is to address resilience in children by designing mindfulness-based activities that incorporate and promote awareness of mind, being and mental health, and to integrate these resources into existing elementary curricula that focus on using school gardens as teaching platforms.

Date Created
2023-05
Agent

Exploring Automation as a Solution to Food Insecurity

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Description

Food insecurity and hunger are strongly interconnected with poverty and are major concerns across the world. Poverty stems from many interconnected issues and creates what are known as Food Deserts. The challenge then becomes: How do we mitigate the effects

Food insecurity and hunger are strongly interconnected with poverty and are major concerns across the world. Poverty stems from many interconnected issues and creates what are known as Food Deserts. The challenge then becomes: How do we mitigate the effects of food deserts to achieve food security? This paper proposes a design and a potential solution to address this question of food insecurity with the modification of a traditional aquaponics system that can potentially deliver the same product at a lower cost. Stakeholder input was key to the product design and was captured through a set of carefully conducted interviews. An in-depth literature review also informed the redesign process, and a final, viable product was proposed. Thus far, the proposed aquaponics system has demonstrated to be a promising cost-effective, sustainable, solution that could provide a majority of the food needs for a family.

Date Created
2022-05
Agent

Case Study of CNN in Crafting the Narrative About Vaccines in Relation to the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Description

The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the necessity of accurately and simply relying scientific discovery and information to the public. Among scientists, the practice is to reduce jargon, engage the audience through storytelling, and include enough detail to give a

The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the necessity of accurately and simply relying scientific discovery and information to the public. Among scientists, the practice is to reduce jargon, engage the audience through storytelling, and include enough detail to give a broad understanding of a narrow topic. Conflict between journalists and scientists leads to a creation of a different narrative for the general public. The news site CNN.com was searched with the google archive function by year for articles that included the keyword vaccine. Articles were sorted into categories of main focus such as political, cultural and scientific or mixed. Results were analyzed and conclusions made about the amount of content in each category for the kind of narrative being written about vaccines, with most years having most articles in the political category. Possible effectiveness of mixed categories were discussed and areas future research identified.

Date Created
2022-05
Agent

Determining Functionality Between Accurint’s' LexisNexis and NICS: A Comparative Usability Study

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Description

Access to data is an important part of today's society. Quick, accurate information is often assessed through big data. The use of this data is integral to law enforcement and business operations. These agencies must have access to reliable background

Access to data is an important part of today's society. Quick, accurate information is often assessed through big data. The use of this data is integral to law enforcement and business operations. These agencies must have access to reliable background check systems to perform their jobs effectively. Not only do these systems have to be accurate, but they also must be usable. Poor usability of a system can result in user error and confusion. Additionally, when a user is not able to effectively find the information that they are looking for in a system, they are more likely to stop using it. To ensure companies are providing users with the best information possible, usability studies are often performed by companies to optimize their products. A usability survey (SUS) was distributed to those in law enforcement and/or government work to evaluate user experience. Participants with experience in LexisNexis and the National Instant Criminal System (NICS) completed a ten-question survey. Results from the survey tool were analyzed and showed that users preferred the usability of the LexisNexis database over the NICS database. Recommendations include consulting and/or hiring a UX practitioner for further investigation into usability issues in the NICS system. Long-term agency investment decisions could be determined based on employee usability feedback. Therefore, periodic usability surveys should be part of any organizational plan to ensure optimal user experience. Continued development and modifications of existing content are a fundamental part of any database search site.

Date Created
2022-05
Agent

Analyzing the Academic Impact of Virtual Learning on BDA and CIS Students at Arizona State University During the 2020-2021 Academic Year

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Description

While Covid-19 had severe impacts on education across the board, the goal of our research is to examine how virtual learning affected Business Data Analytics and Computer Information Students at Arizona State University. A survey was created to measure three

While Covid-19 had severe impacts on education across the board, the goal of our research is to examine how virtual learning affected Business Data Analytics and Computer Information Students at Arizona State University. A survey was created to measure three key academic areas (student learning, communication, and student engagement) that may have experienced a notable change in quality. Forty Nine W.P. Carey students were surveyed and their responses were recorded in a Google Sheet. From there the results were transferred to excel and converted into a Numeric Likert scale. By establishing base scores for each of the survey statements we can isolate areas of virtual learning that underwhelmed or satisfied our target demographic. The objective of the subsequent analysis was to identify any areas within the three focal points that participants felt strongly impacted their performance with virtual schooling during the August 2020 to May 2021 school year.

Date Created
2022-05
Agent

Inclusion of African American Pregnant Women in Preeclampsia Research Studies

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Description

Preeclampsia is a disease that occurs during pregnancy and affects upwards of 10% of pregnancies around the world (Osungbade & Ige, 2011). African American pregnant women are particularly vulnerable and die at a disproportionate rate compared to other races. In

Preeclampsia is a disease that occurs during pregnancy and affects upwards of 10% of pregnancies around the world (Osungbade & Ige, 2011). African American pregnant women are particularly vulnerable and die at a disproportionate rate compared to other races. In this literature review, three research studies were analyzed to determine if African American pregnant women were included in preeclampsia Studies. Only one of the studies included in this review met all criteria by including African American pregnant women. One research study met half of the criteria; however, the authors noted that there was not enough evidence for Black Americans. The third research article also only met half of the criteria. We conclude that further studies are needed that include African American women in studies on preeclampsia.

Date Created
2021-05
Agent