Destination image refers to the sum of beliefs, ideas, and impressions a person has toward a tourism destination, which can be classified as either projected or perceived, from a supply-demand perspective. Projected destination images are beliefs of the destination designed by official destination marketing (management) organizations (DMOs) aiming to appeal to tourists. In contrast, perceived destination images are tourists’ perceptions of the destinations, which are usually posted and promoted through user-generated content (UGC). Although previous studies have documented the differences in destination marketing strategy effectiveness between projected and perceived destination images, little research has examined this from a visual attention angle. Therefore, guided by the dual-process theory, this study compares the visual attention patterns of the two destination image sources and examines how these visual attention patterns may influence advertisement effectiveness using a mixed-methods of eye-tracking experiments and post-experiment surveys, analyzed using paired-sample t-tests and linear regression models. Given the growing importance of the Chinese tourism market for Kenya and the uniqueness of Kenya as a tourist destination, the participants were recruited from Chinese residents who expressed potential travel to Kenya (n=61). Data from the experiment and the questionnaire was collected in July 2021 and analyzed using paired-sample t-tests and linear regression models. Results indicated that DMO images elicit longer and more frequent fixations than UGC images. Additionally, this study suggests that visual attention in terms of fixation duration has a significant positive impact on the advertisement effectiveness of Kenyan destination images. The study contributes to the literature by providing insights into how people visually perceive destination images and advances the dual-processes theory. Practically, the study suggests that integrating DMO pictures into UGC might be an effective approach to enhance the advertisement effectiveness of destination images.

Military sexual trauma (MST) is a risk factor for suicide among service members/veterans. Research reported that 41.79% of male and 63.58% female MST survivors were exposed to pre-military sexual trauma, making MST a revictimization experience. Unfortunately, little is known about mechanisms of the association between revictimization and suicide risk among MST survivors. One possible mechanism is posttraumatic cognitions (PTCs), which include the survivor’s (1) negative thoughts and beliefs about themselves, (2) negative thoughts and beliefs about the world, and (3) self-blame. The current study examined each of the PTC subscales as mediators of the association between sexual revictimization and suicide risk. Participants were 383 service members/veterans reporting a history of MST that involved assault (50.65% female), recruited via Qualtrics., Inc. in 2021. Participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing demographics, suicide risk, history of sexual victimization (MST only, MST and pre-military sexual victimization), and PTCs. Of these, 340 (88.8%) reported a history of MST and pre-military victimization and comprised the revictimization group. Parallel mediation analysis with suicide risk regressed on each of the PTCs subscales and covariates accounted for 43.48% of the variance, and revealed that negative cognitions about the self had a significant indirect effect on the association between revictimization and higher suicide risk, above and beyond negative cognitions about world and self-blame. Targeting negative cognitions about the self among sexual revictimization survivors may be an effective therapeutic strategy to most effectively reduce suicide risk. Cognitive Processing Therapy may be particularly useful among revictimization survivors given the focus on altering posttraumatic cognitions.