This Narrative Inquiry Research project looks at the first-hand experiences and stories of educators, counselors, and administrators working in schools during and following the pandemic. This is done through video interviews pieced together to create one large documentary-style video. In addition to the creative component, there is also an essay detailing the results of those answers, the research behind it, and what that research means for schools now.

STEM has increasingly become a buzz word in the world of education. According to Briener, et. al. (2012), the most common perspective of STEM education is teaching the integrated disciplines of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics as "one cohesive entity" instead of as separate subjects (p. 5). Prioritizing a STEM focus is a tactic many schools are beginning to adapt and one the United States government is financially backing, contributing significantly to the popularity of the movement (Briener, et.al., 2012). Across the nation, schools are making strides towards incorporating more STEM activities, and many school districts are designating entire schools as STEM schools. These STEM schools distinguish themselves with consistent commitment and attention to aspects of the STEM fields within instruction, including research opportunities for students, 21st Century skills, and a variety of learning environments. Bridges Elementary is one such identified STEM school that exemplifies these criteria, amongst others, setting a precedent for STEM schools to come.

This project examined the need for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) activities within a specific modality (centers) and their potential influence on elementary students with a particular emphasis on gender. STEM is an interdisciplinary curriculum that seeks to seamlessly incorporate science, technology, engineering, and math. Due to the increasing demand for STEM professions and proficiency within each aspect, the education system and individual educators require lessons and modalities that motivate learning in each of these areas. Administrators and teachers need creative ways to provide effective STEM implementation. Currently, the education system as a whole lacks creative and motivating material for these four domains. Not only this, but there has been a misunderstanding in regard to what effective STEM implementation entails, as well as a dearth of classroom ready lessons for educators. As a result, this thesis project developed a way to implement STEM through the use of learning centers. Learning centers are defined as designated areas within a classroom that allow easy access to a variety of learning materials. Within these centers are activities that reinforce concepts by using inquiry-based learning. Learning centers are effective in developing additional concepts or providing students with a greater breadth of knowledge on a concept. This thesis project developed three STEM learning center activity boxes and two STEM learning center outlines. Creating effective STEM learning centers and outlines was a multistep process. The first step was to develop a 3E lesson plan for each activity. Once the lesson plans were revised and complete, the creation of the three activity boxes was next. To create the activity boxes, all the required materials and worksheets were gathered and printed. From there, the next step was to implement the learning centers in a classroom to observe the results and propose any modifications. Afterwards, a reflection detailing the results and modifications was made. In the end, the goal of this project was to develop easily implemented STEM activities for my future classroom. Coming up with a creative way to get kids curious and excited about STEM is key in building STEM awareness. Not only did my project create STEM activities I can implement, but it also allowed me the opportunity to share my activities with other teachers. As a result, influencing the spread of STEM amongst future and current teachers.

For the past few decades, the education system in the United States has failed many students because of its inability to increase student achievement. While there are many layers to this problem that cannot be solved with one simple solution, a curriculum change that provides students with more engaging and hands on learning opportunities along with teaching them to be advocates for their own education and community betterment offers a great start to the momentum for change. Service-learning is an ideal way to accomplish this because it incorporates civic engagement and community service into lesson plans that directly align with academic standards. Through service-learning, students are given the opportunity to apply their knowledge in direct and hands on ways meanwhile witnessing the difference that they can make in their community with their knowledge and abilities. Service-learning is a type of instruction typically employed in high school or junior high grades because it requires the course content to coincide with a service project of some kind. In this essay, we look into the research behind service-learning as well as several issues within the community that could be addressed with this kind of curriculum. The aim of this research is to adapt the models of service-learning intended for more advanced grades to align with the standards of a first grade curriculum and also consider the critical thinking skills, self-examination abilities, and social awareness of students at this age when making these adaptations. We believe that service-learning can benefit young students just as much, if not more than older students because it can help them to see the value in their education from early on and demonstrates real life uses for what they are learning. The curriculum created from this research is intended for use at schools within low-income communities in order to empower the students to actively fight against the challenges they face that prevent them from succeeding. However, this curriculum can easily be used in any school setting and adapted to various different age levels.

Science and technology have significant influence over the everyday lives of ordinary citizens. As these two disciplines have become more advanced, their influence has only become more pronounced, leading to many socioscientific issues and bioethical dilemmas that society and scientists must grapple with. In order to create informed, thoughtful citizens and effective future scientists, science educators must provide students with the skills they need to assess, evaluate, and address bioethical controversies. To do this, educators must explicitly teach students about bioethics and scientific argumentation. However, currently, this content is not commonly taught in science classrooms. Instead, science is presented as a discipline in which there are clear answers. Students are often expected to memorize lists of facts and are not made aware of the impact that science has on their own lives and those of others. This three-lesson unit seeks to help students make the connections between science content and its social implications and teach them the scientific argumentation skills necessary to critically evaluate and defend their positions regarding bioethical dilemmas. In the first lesson, students learn about bioethics and practice developing potential solutions to hypothetical bioethical dilemmas. In the second lesson, students are introduced to scientific argumentation and use their new skills to create mini-arguments regarding the bioethics of what happened to Henrietta Lacks, a black woman whose cervical cancer cells were used in research without her consent. Finally, in the third lesson, students work in groups to create fully developed arguments that support their position regarding the issue of tissue ownership. The last two lessons of the unit were implemented in a high school science classroom. After implementation, it was found that students have strong opinions regarding scientific controversies and enjoy learning and arguing about the social implications of science. However, students struggled to understand the mechanics of scientific argumentation and had trouble clearly expressing their ideas and opinions via argumentation. Additionally, students were very dogmatic in their positions and displayed a lack of understanding of the nuance of bioethical controversies.

This creative project cites research on the benefits of multi-age education and thematic units to raise awareness and to promote the use of these educational strategies. Research shows that multi-age education can be beneficial to students by allowing students to work at their own pace in each subject. In a multi-age classroom, students are grouped by ability rather than age, which allows all students to excel in areas they are gifted in and to receive additional help in weaker subjects. This setting allows students to collaborate with learners of various ages and abilities, which promotes pro-social behaviors and reinforces learning. While multi-age met its peak in the American education system in the 1980s-1990s, in recent decades, multi-age learning has lost its momentum due to poorly implemented programs and improperly trained teachers (Grant, et al., 1996, p. 31). Through this creative project, a curriculum based on thematic units for a multi-age classroom comprised of 4th-6th grades was actualized. This project provides a basic structure of a daily schedule and various teaching strategies to organize a multi-age classroom. However, the main focus of this project is on the development of one thematic unit to exemplify how a teacher can implement a thematic unit in a multi-age classroom and scaffold the learning effectively depending on each student's level and ability. The unit was centered on the theme of Ancient Greece and Rome, which was implemented into three content areas: social studies, language arts, and science. The ultimate goal of this creative project is to publish the curriculum and make it available to teachers who are interested in implementing a multi-age curriculum in their classrooms. This curriculum will provide them with a model of a classroom structure and a sample unit, paired with research to support the benefits of multi-age and thematic unit approaches.