Coordination of Electric Vehicle Charging/Routes to Reduce Charging Time

Although the increasing penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) has reduced the emissionof the greenhouse gas caused by vehicles, it would lead to serious congestion on-road and in charging stations. Strategic coordination of EV charging would benefit the transportation system. However, it is difficult to model a congestion game, which includes choosing charging routes and stations. Furthermore, conventional algorithms cannot balance System Optimization and User Equilibrium, which can cause a huge waste to the whole society. To solve these problems, this paper shows (1) a congestion game setup to optimize and reveal the relationship between EV users, (2) using ε – Nash Equilibrium to reduce the inefficient impact from the self-minded the behavior of the EV users, and (3) finding the relatively optimal solution to approach Pareto-Optimal solution. The proposed method can reduce more total EVs charging time and most EV users’ charging time than existing methods. Numerical simulations demonstrate the advantages of the new method compared to the current methods.